The best way to answer your questions is to take a title course to give you a good understanding of the industry.

Your questions are too broad as everything varies from state to state and sometimes even county/parish.

If you are looking to build a new title production system since you indicate you are in IT, then I'd suggest going to work specifically with a company that provides that service.

Not to be abrupt, but you aren't going to learn Title 101 on a chat board.  As a long time licensed title producer who also consults to title software companies, there is no one simple answer to your questions.  As a title examiner, who is that "at the table" decision maker for managing the risks, title insurance is INSURANCE.  Our job is to mitigate and eliminate all know risks from coverage.  

Who pays for what or what the system flow are questions that are not the core of insuring.  Those are front end user questions.  We still have states that are not online and searchers who have to hand write everything.  So, unless you are specific as to what the purpose of your question is or your intent (like, hey guys, I'd like to build a better mouse trap software system production system) general questions are probably not going to put you to your goal.

Just a thought.

 

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