When I did title work for several different states, I used to have a "cheat sheet" I'd refer to when it came to Judgements, IRS Liens, State Tax Liens, etc....  Each and every state was governed by a different set of rules and types of courts, as like VA. 

When I did Title work exclusively in California, the general rule of thumb for "CA" only, was for "Judgements", they were no longer valid after 10 years unless they were "updated or renewed" within the court, and of course had to be recorded of public record, which extended the judgement for an additional year.   The 10 year rule, as we termed it, "out by time" was in reference to the dated date of the judgment and not the recorded date, same for any Renewals of said judgement.  State Tax Liens were "out by time" in 10 years, IRS Liens were "out by time:" in 7 years.  Again, this is for California only.